en ایمنی شناسی Immunology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background and Aims:</strong> Based on the results, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> is one of the serious infectious agents found in community and hospitals with remarkable potential for high morbidity and mortality around the globe. The present study was carried out for molecular investigation of methicillin<strong>-</strong>resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>strains and Staphylococcal Chromosomal Cassette mec<em> (SCCmec) </em>phenotypes isolated from the intensive care unit in Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra hospital of Isfahan.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> A total of 76 clinical wound samples were collected from Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra Hospital in Isfahan and evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. The Methicillin resistance <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) screening was performed by genotypic and phenotypic methods; also antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by using the disk diffusion method and related genes by PCR.<span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong>Results: </strong>Totally, 53 (69.7%) out of 76 clinical samples were positive for MRSA. Of the 76 MRSA strains, 39 (63.51%) were PVL positive (51.3%). The most commonly infected samples were collected from wounds (40.8%). The most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes were <em>mecA</em> (89.61%), <em>tetK</em> (88.23%), <em>tetM</em> (49.15%) and<em> msrA</em> (46.93%). Resultantly, it was shown that MRSA has the highest level of resistance against methicillin (98%), penicillin (97.24%), tetracycline (89.64%). It was also revealed that the most commonly detected <em>SCCmec</em> types in the MRSA strains are types <span dir="RTL">II</span> (14.53%) and III (16.82%).<br> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> In summary, this paper argues that the orderly surveillance of hospital-associated infections and initial management and supervision of the antibiotic resistance patterns are required to control the prevalence of MRSA.&nbsp;</div> Intensive care unit , SCCmec typing, Staphylococcus aureus 138 144 http://ijml.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-68-6&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fahimeh Nourbakhsh فهیمه نوربخش ee_tajbakhsh@yahoo.com 0000-0001-5576-7274 No Medical Toxicology Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Vajiheh Nourbakhsh وجیهه نوربخش ee_tajbakhsh@yahoo.com No Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra Hospitals, Depending on the Treatment and Management of Social Security in Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. Samaneh Borooni سمانه برونی ee_tajbakhsh@yahoo.com 0000-0003-0211-8865 No Department of Biology, Nourdanesh Institutes of Higher Education, Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran. Elaheh Tajbakhsh الهه تاجبخش ee_tajbakhsh@yahoo.com Yes Departments of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran. Dana Daneshmand دانا دانشمند ee_tajbakhsh@yahoo.com No Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran.