en ایمنی شناسی Immunology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Background and Aims: </span></span></b><em><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-style:normal">Human leukocyte antigen</span></span></span></em><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"> (HLA) molecules play a substantial role <span style="color:black">in T Lymphocyte</span><span style="color:black">-mediated </span><span style="color:black">adaptive immune response.</span> Down-regulation of HLA expression may help the tumor to escape from immune surveillance. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between HLA-G and HLA-E tissue distribution and the degree of tumor malignancy in human breast tumors. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Materials and Methods: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">This cross-sectional study<b> </b>was conducted<br> on<b> </b>tissue samples of 145 patients with breast cancer</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">. The distribution <span style="letter-spacing:.3pt">of HLA-G and HLA-E expressions were measured by the</span> immunohistochemistry method.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Results: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Among 145 patients, 51% of tumors did not express HLA-E, and +1 positive was seen in 36.6 % of patients. +2 positive in 8.3% and +3 positive in 4.1% of patients. Moreover, 79.3% of tumors did not express HLA-G, 17.9% expressed +1 positive, 2.8% expressed +2 positive, and no patients expressed +3 positive. Generally, 20.7% and 49% of patients showed expression of HLA-G and HLA-E, respectively. A significant correlation was seen between the grade of disease and expression of HLA-E (p = 0.03) and HLA-G (p = 0.001). Moreover, a significant correlation was seen between the simultaneous expression of HLA-G and HLA-E with grade (p = 0.03, r = 0.176).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion: </span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Significant correlation was seen between the distribution of HLA-G and HLA-E expression with a degree of malignancy. Therefore, these biomarkers&rsquo; expression may contribute to the prognosis and progression of breast cancer.<b> </b></span></span></div> Breast cancer, Tumor malignancy, HLA-E, HLA-G 311 318 http://ijml.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-24-26&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahdie Jaafari مهدیه جعفری hhadin2000@gmail.com No Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran Hossein Hadinedoushan حسین هادی ندوشن Hossein@gmail.com 0000-0002-7102-3045 Yes Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran Mahmoud Akhavan Tafti محمود اخوان تفتی Mahmoud@gmail.com No Department of Pathology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran Department of Pathology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran