COVID-19; History, Taxonomy, and Diagnostic Molecular and Immunological Techniques

Taghizadeh, Sara; Behjati, Farkhondeh

doi:10.18502/ijml.v9i2.10017

Write your message

ارسال به ایمیل

Volume 9, Issue 2 (May 2022) IJML 2022, 9(2): 85-99 | Back to browse issues page

‎ 10.18502/ijml.v9i2.10017

Mendeley

Zotero

RefWorks

Taghizadeh S, Behjati F. COVID-19; History, Taxonomy, and Diagnostic Molecular and Immunological Techniques. IJML 2022; 9 (2) :85-99
URL: http://ijml.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-436-en.html

COVID-19; History, Taxonomy, and Diagnostic Molecular and Immunological Techniques

Sara Taghizadeh

, Farkhondeh Behjati ^*

Sarem Fertility& Infertility Research Center & Sarem Cell Research Center, Sarem Women's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: (486 Views)

In recent years, viral epidemics such as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have spread, and this outbreak is thought to be the result of animal-to-human transmission. Hence, accurate diagnostic tests to detect COVID-19 and antiviral antibodies in infected individuals are of utmost importance. This report describes the structure, history, taxonomy, and molecular and immunological techniques for diagnosing this disease. Tests for early diagnosis of COVID-19 depend on the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, tests based on isothermal amplification and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based methods are promising options. Identifying people whose activated antibodies require serological tests, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The search for efficient, cost-effective, and accurate laboratory techniques that can be used on a large scale continues. The RT-PCR technique is a dominant technique for the detection of viral RNA. Other acidic nucleic-based assays such as isothermal amplification, microarray hybridization, amplicon-based metagenomics sequencing, and CRISPER-based techniques have been developed. Along with molecular methods, different efficient serological and immunological methods such as ELISA, rapid antigen test, lateral flow immunoassay, luminescent Immunoassay, and biosensors are also developed.

Keywords: COVID-19 diagnosis CRISPR, ELISA, Isothermal, qRT-PCR, SARS-CoV-2